Increasing Number of Juvenile Delinquents Essay

There are an increasing number of juvenile delinquents. What are the causes of this phenomenon? The incidence of juvenile offenses is growing at an alarming rate; and the severity of these offenses has been consistently staggering to us adults. It is imperative that we pinpoint the causes of this phenomenon. Many instance of juvenile delinquency have been attributed to the violent or the pornographic content of some TV shows and video games. These days, we are confronted with a proliferation of blood and nudity on TV, the computer and the internet. As a consequence, many youngsters, especially teenage boys, get addicted to such scenes. Lacking the capacity to distinguish between right and wrong, they develop criminal tendencies. Another contributing factor is the rampant parental neglect and domestic violence. Todayï ¼Å'there have been an ever-growing number of dysfunctional families. In general, the children raised in such families are far more likely to be afflicted with constant fear and anxiety. Eventually, they develop a hatred for the individuals and society as a whole. Additional, the increase of juvenile crime rate is symbiotically connected with the rise of adult crime rate in society, in other words, the more adult crimes, the higher the probability of youngsters falling prey to adult offenders. For instance, many youths are tempted by evil adults into committing crimes, whereas others who are victims of adult offenses may become criminals themselves to get their revenge on society. In sum, a variety of factors contribute to the surge of juvenile delinquency. It is crucial that we take stringent measures to tackle these problems immediately and ensure that the future of our nations –that is, the youngsters, have a more promising future ahead of them.

Gulliver’s Travels Essay Essay

In this essay, on a pre-1914 novel, I will show how the main character changes emotionally, physically and mentally and also show how the novel was adapted into a film. I have chosen to study the classic Jonathan Swift novel, Gulliver’s Travels which was written in 1726. It is about a ship surgeon who goes on many voyages that change his life, his views on it and others around his. The novel is written in the past tense from the author’s point of view which makes it more believable that Lemuel Gulliver went on these expeditions. The book begins with a short account about the main character in Gulliver’s Travels, Lemuel Gulliver. He says about his family, how and where he got the money to be able to study, and eventually onto why he became a surgeon on a ship. It says the few friends he had left him and he ended up friendless with only a wife to help support him. This makes Gulliver feel lonely and depressed because he has no-one to talk to and so stays at home alone. As he stayed at home, his only friends those inside the many novels of the best authors he was reading, he was running low on money and so had to do something to be bringing in some sort of a salary. He decided to go on another adventure as a surgeon on a ship, to bring in some money to support his family, and ends up being shipwrecked and having to swim for his life. As he reaches land, scared, still depressed and even more alone, he lay still for hours on end resting and eventually falls asleep on the immensely short grass. As he awoke he found he was bound to the floor by many miniature ropes that were tied to his hair, arms, legs and face. As he lay on his back, Gulliver could only see towards the sky and so could not distinguish what the noises, that he could hear, were. He felt a strange movement over his leg which moved onto his breast and up to his chin. He looked downwards, without moving his head, to find a human not six inches high. He shouted Hekinah degul, which was repeated by the other small creatures around Gulliver. Now Gulliver feels frightened, puzzled and restricted, to both movement and communication due to the unknown language the small humans spoke. Throughout Lilliput, Gulliver feels superior to the â€Å"little people,† due to his size and it feels like a joke is being played on him- because of the stupidity of the situation. He felt inferior because he couldn’t speak the language- until he began to learn later on- and also because he was seen as a monster that noone wanted anything to do with. The Lilliputians were frightened of Gulliver, because of his size, and so Gulliver still felt lonely and vulnerable-because he could have had thousands of little arrows shot at him, could be tied down and murdered. As Gulliver began to learn the language he felt less restricted-because he could now partially communicate- and less alone because he could have an intelligent conversation with a Lillputian. He began to learn about the Lilliputian ways of government and life and the situation made Gulliver feel badly about the British way of politics. He found out that the Lilliputians were having a war with the small people of Blefuscu over which end to break an egg. This made Gulliver think that- normal sized- people have wars over things almost as silly and idiotic as which end to break an egg such as skin tone, religious beliefs and the fact that they are not speaking your language. Gulliver then started to belittle the- normal sized- human race, and had many ideas about how our world could be changed for the better. As time went on Gulliver became closer to the Emperor of Lilliput, after helping them in the war by stealing the Blefuscu armada’s warships. Gulliver stopped the Emperor and Empress from being burned alive, in their palace, by urinating on the imperial building. After this act Gulliver felt ashamed that he urinated onto the Imperail palace, even if it was to save the royal family’s lives, and scared because he had his eyeballs threatened to be gouged out. Gulliver fled to Belfuscu- after taking a small sheep with him to show his wife when he returned home-, found an abandoned ship, and used the Blefuscians bedsheets-sewn together- as a sail and returned to England to his family. As he was leaving, Gulliver felt happy that he was on his way back to his family, yet sad and scared- of himself- because of the stupidity of the situation he was in and that he must have been losing his mind and going insane. He stayed in England with his family for a while and then left for another journey as a ship’s surgeon. The film started with Gulliver sneaking around outside his home whilst his ex-wife-who was remarried to an old friend surgeon of Gullivers- and slept in the stable across the road. His son found him in the morning and told Mary- Gullivers ex-wife. Gulliver then told his son the whole story about Lilliput and the film showed what was happening as he was narrating it. He told the whole story to his son until Dr Bates- Gullivers old surgeon friend- took him to a mental institution to try and â€Å"help† Gulliver. Gulliver was kept in a cell and thought to be insane by the doctors. Whilst Gulliver was in the mental hospital, his son found the little sheep but it got loose as Dr.Bates shouted at Gullivers son and told him to leave his office. The film shows Gulliver to be a lot more eccentric than the novel and he also seems to be a lot more confident with himself and what he saw at Lilliput. As Gulliver retells the story- partially once inside the hospital- he notes that he didn’t return home after his voyage to Lilliput he went straight onto the next island and his next adventure. The film has a few slight adaptations from the novel, such as Gulliver not returning home, but has stuck to the novel pretty closely. The film shows that Gulliver tells his story back to everyone from the mental hospital whereas the book says nothing about where Gulliver is as the story is told. This is the main change from novel to moving picture so far.

Drawing upon general theories of transitional justice, analyse the Essay

Drawing upon general theories of transitional justice, analyse the strengths and weaknesses of Rwanda's experimental community - Essay Example Since transitional justice is interdisciplinary, it addresses several social elements and provides judicial approaches that the gacaca courts are offering in Rwanda. Rwanda’s experimental Gacaca courts are grassroots, village or community-based hearings wherein the community judges, defends as well as prosecutes individuals accused of genocide crimes1. Based on apparent outcomes of various hearings, the gacaca court system has several strengths associated with sociological, economic, cultural, and psychological benefits. Some of the economic benefits include timeliness, cost, and social drain of individuals in the prison. Besides, social relations effectively addressed by Gacaca courts include the perpetrator’s mentality or mind-set, and the general social objective of creating a unified community as well as country. However, Gacaca courts have several weaknesses, which include procurement of suspects, procedural issues, deprivation of rights of the defendant, and court legitimacy problems2. This essay will analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Rwanda’s experimental community-based gacaca courts based on general theories of transitional justice. It will consider how Rwanda incorporates truth, retributive, and reconciliatory techniques of resolving conflict to address the 1994 genocide cases. Furthermore, the significance of Gacaca courts in attaining social, economic, and political needs of post-genocide Rwanda will be analyzed. Strengths of the Gacaca Courts Economic Benefits Gacaca trials have cost-related benefits because they are carried out in the communities and neighborhoods where the offenses occurred. The community-based Gacaca courts avoid enormous overhead cost that would be incurred by the government such as court costs, utilities, housing, and transportation. Furthermore, judges of Gacaca courts are paid low wages, although lack of financial benefit among judges raises arguments concerning the effectiveness of these Rwandan c ourts. The gacaca trials do not involve lawyers or other sanctioned salaried representation for the defendant, but allows individuals in the community to represent the accused3. However, failure to involve official representation to argue for the accused has several negative aspects associated with the non-existence of due process rights. In this sense, the accused may lack fair treatment in the process. Despite these shortcomings, it is apparent that Rwanda is applying a cost-effective system to deliver justice to her immense population. This is basically attributed to Gacaca courts’ reliance on functioning of judges as members of the community, and voluntary contributions of the communities to the trials. Another economic-related strength of Gacaca courts is timeliness. The Gacaca system avoids the slow-moving process of delivering justice and costs of formal trials that would greatly drain the economy of Rwanda. It also addresses economic drain, which result from the priso n system. By disposing of the cases promptly, the Gacaca system prevents labor drain caused by imprisoned individuals who become unproductive members of the community4. Social-Relations Benefits The Rwandan society benefits on micro as well as macro levels from the gacaca courts, and its capability to consider particular sociological prototypes of perpetrators of the genocide. Most individuals accused at the Gacaca courts do not have

Homosexual male couple wants to adopt a child. What will Rousseau, Essay

Homosexual male couple wants to adopt a child. What will Rousseau, Benedict, and Aquinas argue. What is your view Explain - Essay Example Others feel that adults have a right to express sexual preference, that it is a private choice and not a moral issue at all, but that children need a mother and a father which, by definition, a male homosexual couple cannot provide. Still others feel that children need parents to love and guide them, and that sexual preference is not pertinent. Rousseau claimed that individual freedom comes from sacrificing personal liberty to the â€Å"general will†, so that the common interest (not necessarily the majority vote) can be legislated and everyone is protected by the community’s will (Philosophy, et cetara). In the case of conflict, arising from diversity, Rousseau claims that the common interest is what benefits all members, so minority interests are protected from being exploited. Individual rights become collective rights. The general will can never take away individual rights because individual rights are not of practical use to the community or common good (Philosophy, et cetara). Given this argument, relative to the issue under consideration, it is an individual right to become part of a couple and to raise a family. The general will can only be given an opportunity to overturn this right if two conditions are met. The first is that there is found sufficient and overwhelming evidence that there is danger or developmental threat to children from male homosexual parents. In this event, it can be said to be in the common good to protect the children of the community, who are all innocent and good (Doyle and Smith), from threat. The second condition, which must also be met, along with the first, is that the general will leads to legislation protecting all children of all parents from all threats of any kind. This condition is necessary to meet the requirement of equality under the law. As these conditions do not currently exist, then Rousseau

E-Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

E-Business - Essay Example When it comes to business to business e-commerce, there is more to selling and profit making. The strategy is relationship driven. B2B businesses use marketing to inform different companies in the target market because the verdict to procure is typically a multi-step procedure involving more than an individual. For example, the aim of an email campaign for B2B is to make prospects to the net to find out more about ones goods and services. The sharing of educational and awareness business activities strengthens a business’s position in the market. The most difficult challenge in e-commerce is the issue on privacy. As much as online marketing and shopping sites have increased its private policies, it is becoming extremely tasking to be to deal with privacy issue. For a long time, hacking cases have hit major companies like the Master card and McDonalds which compromise data safety. To curb this, it is recommended to provide consumers with an easy way to comprehend private policy so as to, know what to share and with whom. This also provides the consumer with the knowledge of the depth of information they should share (Fletcher, Bell and McNaughton,

Three Major Problems in Nigeria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Three Major Problems in Nigeria - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that developing countries face various problems leading to slow economic growth and other tribulations. It is the same problems, which lead to unemployment raising social issues, as well as sophisticated settlements. In as much as different countries employ varied strategies to counter the problems; they remain dominant as the countries lack proficient mechanisms. Majority of developing countries depend on developed countries a factor, which not only slows development but also exploit the available resources in the countries. Nigeria is one developing country, which faces diverse problems. Most African countries have a characteristic of political instability. This underscores the depth of development leaving people midst abundant resources with little development. In the past, many years, stagnation remains evident among many African countries due to political instability creating a rising tide of poverty, poor infrastructure and decaying o f public utilities. Nigeria gets described by scholars as an unfinished state, and a truculent African disaster, this is because of the abundant natural resources present in the country, which instead of improving the economic condition of the country, has propelled the vicious cycle of poverty. Nigeria is rich with enormous oil resources that warrant it a name of a giant African country. On the contrary, it remains a minute country due to the political instability of parochial leadership, which considers personal survival rather than national development.

IT Questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IT Questions - Coursework Example Question 2 Prototyping, which is usually a quick functional model of the system design, is exposed to the users. In our case the students who are expected to be the main users of the software are presented with the prototype for a period of time and they report back give feedback on their experiences. Problems are then identified in real time and any requirements that may have been left out noted. The prototype is then reviewed and the difficulties experienced by the target users rectified. Loopholes in the system are identified and requirements left out incorporated. A brainstorming session, designed to come up with ideas, possibilities and solutions to problems can be a good requirement gathering technique. Stakeholders, such as programmers, managers and the potential users form a think tank. Issues such as how best to present the bookstore’s catalog of items online for example can be visualized. Payment modes and delivery modalities can be born and nurtured in such sessions . Survey tools such as a questionnaire can be used to collect relevant pieces of data that can be help in the requirement gathering process. Use of well-structured questionnaires, designed to give the desired information, such as preferences in design techniques, best payment modes, delivery schedules and so on, can play a vital role in requirement gathering processes. ... Members present can identify problems and suggest solutions to these problems. For example, if a student (who is a potential user of the system) can highlight some of the problems encountered by the current system used by the bookstore, such as time wasting, members can come up with suggestions such as introduction of delivery mechanisms that are time conscious. In the process, requirements may be gathered. Question 3 This system is designed to meet the special accommodation needs of individual students by offering a variety of options based on pricing, location and facilities available to them. On the other hand, hostel owners can provide description of the properties they own by contacting the university’s administration. This system offers advantages for both the students, premise owners and university administration. For students, they are provided with a platform to search from a variety of available hostels and choose those best suited for their individual needs. This sa ves them time and makes it easier to compare the various hostel listed in the database. For the hostel owners, advertising is catered for and therefore cut down on their operational expenses. Finally, the school administration enhances their accommodation needs for their students and helps them monitor the whereabouts of the students. This enhances their mandate to ensure protection of enrolled students. However, the systems could be made even better by enabling online rent payments by students and providing actual photographs of the various listed hostels for the students to view. Question 4 Table 1 CASE tool Features Suitability ArgoUML1 Supports diagrams Platform independent Exports

Group therapy orination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Group therapy orination - Essay Example The American military in World War II also used group methods to treat large numbers of psychiatric causalities. Behavioral theory or behavior modification is the treatment of human behavioral disorders through reinforcement of the desired behaviors and suppression of undesirable behavior. This therapy has its roots with Pavlov but became a developed technique in the United States by B. F. Skinner. He used positive or negative re-enforcers to encourage desirable behavior and punishments to deter undesirable behavior. Originally, behavioral therapy groups worked with anger management and addiction (Ockrnik 2003). One of the specific types of Behavioral group therapy that came out in the 1960s was originally written by Marsha Linehan. This may be the most well known kind of behavioral therapy today. Originally, she developed a program, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), for patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. In the beginning, it appeared to be quite effective and it was adapted to many other type of diagnosis. This writer will look at how effective this therapy turned out to be over the long term as well as the effectiveness of several other new innovations in group therapy. Behavior therapy in groups can be recognized by its emphasis on specifying problems and goals in concrete behavioral terms and in using principles of learning to facilitate behavioral change. Since it is generally assumed that therapy is a learning process, then there are some advantages in group therapy. Much of our learning comes through imitation also there are others to imitate. It is also known that learning takes place more quickly when the individual has something in common with the people around him/her. A group of peers would then be ideal for that purpose. Also adaptive behavior is strengthened when reinforced by peers. Finally, the stimulus situation is closer to natural social

Schizophrenia and Depression Essay Example for Free

Schizophrenia and Depression Essay â€Å"Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that effects about 1. 1 percent of the U. S. population age 18 and older in a given year† (National Institute of Mental Health, 2010, para. 1). Both men and women are equally at risk for this particular mental disorder. The main component of schizophrenia is the loss of contact with reality. Individuals who suffer from schizophrenia typically lead a normal functioning life prior to developing the disorder (Comer, 2005). Once they develop the disorder they tend to experience a variety of severe and chronic symptoms that can interfere with their work, social, and family life. Schizophrenia is one of the more disturbing mental disorders due to the nature of the symptoms the individuals may experience. Hallucinations, paranoia, and delusions are some of the main symptoms of schizophrenia. Delusions are false ideas held by the individual suffering from schizophrenia. These ideas have no factual basis. Some schizophrenia sufferers believe that people are plotting against them or discriminating against them. Individuals who suffer from schizophrenia may also experience disorganized thinking and speech which can cause the individual to move from one topic to another without any specific rhyme or reason. This type of speech often only makes sense to the individual while leaving others confused. Individuals might also make up word, or neologisms, which have meaning only to the individual but do not truly exist as part of speech within society. Hallucinations can involve seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling things that aren’t really there. This may occur as auditory or visual hallucinations (Comer, 2005) The psychodynamic explanation of the psychological viewpoint is based upon Freud’s theory that schizophrenia develops from two psychological processes: regression to a pre-ego stage and efforts to establish ego control (Comer, 2005). Freud believed that symptoms like neologisms, loose associations, or delusions resulted from a lack of nurturance as a young child. As the isorder progresses in these individuals they begin to exhibit more symptoms such as hallucinations and a loss of reality. Mental Disorder Depression Depression is a mood disorder characterized by ongoing feelings of sadness and hopelessness. It is believed that genetics may play a large role in the risk factors that lead to depression because having either parent or sibling with depression can actually triple an individual’s risk of dev eloping the disorder. In addition, women are â€Å"twice as likely as men to become depressed† (WebMD, 2009). The onset of depression is often caused by traumatic or stressful events. These traumatic experiences can cause an imbalance of certain brain chemicals, or neurotransmitters. Depression can affect people on five different levels: emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive, and physical. Emotional symptoms of depression can cause people to lose interest in things that they usually enjoy and often this can result in isolation. Behavioral symptoms can affect a person’s ability to carry out normal daily tasks. Cognitive symptoms of depression can cause extremely low self-worth and it may also cause feelings of pessimism. Depression can also result in physical symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or body pain (Comer, 2005). References Comer, R. J. (2005). Fundamentals of abnormal psychology (4th ed. ). New York: Worth National Institute of Mental Health. (2010). Schizophrenia. Retrieved March 13, 2013 from http:// www. Nimh. nih. gov/health/topics/schizophrenia/index. shtml WebMD. (2010). Depression Overview. Retrieved March 13, 2013 from http:// www. Webmd. com/depression/slideshow-depression-overview

The play King Henry IV Essay Example for Free

The play King Henry IV Essay The play King Henry IV revolves around a central plotline spanning a vast period of time encompassing numerous significant events. All of these events, however small, play a key role in the development of the characters as well as the themes within the play. The idea that in coming to power King Henry IV seized the crown, overruling the divine right of kings, is central to the constant theme of corruption and fear which runs throughout the plot. One of the main themes present is the journey from adolescence to maturity. Prince Hal is clearly a wayward character, seemingly dangerously close to losing his right to rule. It would appear that his association with characters such as Falstaff and Poins have nothing but negative implications. This is a key example of an escape from the past into a new future. Hal is attempting to break away from the grasp of Falstaff and his tarnished past into a future of glory, maturity and strong leadership. The idea that in fact past events can have a positive effect is then developed. In a conversation with the King, Warwick states that the Prince but studies his companions like a strange tongue, wherein, to gain the language. This implies that through his knowledge of characters such as Falstaff, and past experience, Prince Hal is in fact gaining a skill that will eventually lead to successful leadership. This past life clearly has an influence on Hal, as it truly demonstrates to him the danger of straying far from the path that one would expect him to take. It seems fair therefore to assume that without this seemingly negative section of his upbringing perhaps he would not later have become a responsible ruler. King Henry IV himself is also running from a past that haunts him and keeps him awake through the night uneasy lies the head that wears a crown. This unrest is partially down to worry concerning Prince Hal, but is also related to the way in which Henry himself seized power. Henrys trouble stems from his own uneasy conscience and his uncertainty about the legitimacy of his rule. Previously he had illegally usurped the throne from Richard II, therefore breaching the divine right of kings, a power bestowed upon the monarch from God. This past troubles him greatly and suppresses his ability to become a great leader. The influence of the past on Henry IV is clearly great; there is no escape from it other than impending death. Therefore one can assume that throughout the play he is simply running from past events rather than focusing on the future, in this case the future of his country. This is therefore an example of how in King Henry IV Part II the past overshadows the present and the future. The role of Northumberland as a leader of rebellion forces is also influenced by decisions made in the past. In the battle of Shrewsbury he decides not to send his military forces, which ultimately leads to the demise of his son, Harry Hotspur. Therefore later in the play when the rebellion forces call upon him once again his refusal to send troops to aid his son introduces an element of guilt as to whether to send reinforcements for the second battle. On one side it seems that due to his initial failure, sending troops would be the only way to regain honour, yet on the other hand it would seem horrific that he would not send troops to save his own son yet would be prepared to do so at this point. Therefore it would seem fair to argue that Northumberlands past decisions overshadow his situation at the present time, showing how that in the play the past has an influence over the present. Falstaff seems to be the only character who can, to a degree, escape the confines of his past. This is mainly due to his nature, and his ability to escape from situations relying on his wit. Throughout his relationship with Doll Tearsheet it would appear that Falstaff had made many false promises, such as marriage and his word to repay his monetary debt to her. However, unlike King Henry he is not haunted by the worry of these events, he instead continues forward allowing them to take their own path, only dodging out of their way when cornered with no chance of escape. He is well aware of his illnesses, yet would rather brush them aside and live his life day by day, he turns disease into commodity and flirts with Doll through a desire which has long outlived performance. In this sense one could argue that in Falstaffs case he lives for the present and the future rather than allowing his past to overshadow his current situation. Therefore, in conclusion it seems that to large degree the argument that the past predominately overshadows the future is valid. In the case of many of the main characters previous decisions and ways of life have a profound impact on the way in which they behave in present situations. The past is clearly a powerful entity and one which plays a key role in defining the plot and decisions made throughout the play, in many cases overshadowing the present and destroying the future.

Consequences and Benefits of Liberalism

Consequences and Benefits of Liberalism Liberalism as a political idea has become far too complicated. It appears there is as much liberalism as there are liberals. Some of which are: libertarianism, classical liberalism, bleeding heart liberalism, economic liberalism, political liberalism, social liberalism, high liberalism, objectivism, anarcho-capitalism, and most popularly neo-liberalism. It is safe to say that these numerous views on Liberalism amount to an opaque understanding of liberalism, which needs to be sorted out instantly. The controversial question is ‘’ what exactly is liberalism and what are the best ways to achieve maximum utility in the economy as well as the society via liberalism? Due to the inconclusive nature of this term, various economists have their distinct views on liberalism, ranging from absolute freedom to, liberalism with use of force, to feminism and liberalism, liberalism and its response to corporate political spending, liberalism and public reason and so on. Milton Friedman assesses political liberal thought from the 17th century to today. He explains that over the past 350 years, liberalism has been responsible for the progressive change that has taken place in the United States and England. Friedman believes that the success of liberalism is based on the initial idea of liberalism itself, and observes, that this ideology is committed to progress and has as its goal, the improvement in the preference of people both politically and economically. Regardless of this, liberalism has been criticised by the conservative agenda, which is of the opinion that there is an excess impact of government in liberalism, which contradicts the initial idea of th e term itself. Friedman is of the belief that the government engages in reckless spending, high taxation and monopolizing world power. However, liberalism holds that while government has power, the power should be limited; therefore the government has the duty to respect the liberty of individuals, tolerate religious groups, making modern democracy and outgrowth of liberalism. Liberalism is based on the idea of democracy; therefore its principles should be based factors that promote minimal government intervention on economic issues and maximum voice of the people. Some of these issues related to liberalism are as follows; the determination to get past nationalism. Liberalism should prioritize free movement of labour as well as capital. Basically, this view is against the existence of boarders, therefore it calls for advanced countries, to make major investments in 3rd world countries in order to elevate them to the point where emigration becomes optional as opposed to an act of sur vival. The bottom line of this view is the belief that the entire world should be a single economic zone. When this happens human potential can be fully maximized, hence labour’s ability to reach its maximum value. Secondly, education should be easily attainable, and should have no actual beginning and an end, hence the abolishment of an authoritarian structure of the traditional university. Education should not prepare individuals to serve others, but should acquire a global sense of joy and pleasure, a movement of play and adventure it has lost. Finally, the money economy must end in order for there to be diverse lifestyle. Neoliberalism is the theme of the current economy we live in; therefore exploitation is simply seen as a means to an end. Friedman’s view enables us to see reasons why liberalism should change the view of the economy and how it measures progress.   According to Friedman’s view, based on the initial idea of liberalism, separating human action from money and removing the need to accumulate money as a function of physical survival, new forms of human relationship, will come into being that we can hardly anticipate yet. Art will at last become democratized and liberating, because its compromise with money will not be a factor. Contrary to Milton Friedman’s view on liberalism and the ideal form it’s supposed to take, Liberalism is not as straightforward as it sounds. Greener, another economist is of believe that, liberalism and force are immensely related. He points out the fact that regardless of what we believe liberalism to be, the issue of military action may appear to be a contradiction. According to Greener, in the 1980’s, some authors have tried to show the relationship between liberalism and democracy, stating that liberalism promotes peaceful relations. There is a strong belief that liberalism is the nucleus of democracy. Regardless of these relations, greener believes that people are brainwashed and believe that there is only one view of liberalism; hence we have become programmed to do what the leaders of economy want, without even knowing it. Greener believes that there are actually various liberal approaches based on the priority that is given to the values that are held. H e is strongly of the opinion that liberal approaches differ because of the emphasis placed on different values. Some of the values that are part of the liberalism are tolerance and consent versus progress and civility, or values of cosmopolitanism versus communitarianism. Liberalism and the use of force could be justified on the grounds that’s there are different values, such as self-defence, or the creation of liberal entities. Liberals highlight the necessity of military forces in order to protect liberal societies and states.   This is a paradox in itself but greener lays emphasis on the importance of rights, rule of law, individualism, tolerance and consent. The idea of the comprehensiveness of liberalism, based on concept of progress and a resolute view of development and civility, provides a major site of altercation in speculating about the use of force when apposed against ideals of tolerance and consent. The second part of the article examines this key site of deba te and explores the tension between cosmopolitan and communitarian views point out the various instances   the deployment of militaries can be justified by which of those liberal terms. Finally, with some reflections about the urgent need for those of us in the international relations field to be able to articulate just what kinds of liberal values are being pursued in the global arena so that we may better assess future actions undertaken in the name of liberal values. An interesting question to ask is, is feminist political liberalism possible? Hartley. C and Watson lay emphasis on the relationship between feminism and liberalism. The ideal idea behind liberalism is to promote equality, but feminism recognizes in the liberal capitalist system that there is still gender inequality. The fact is the liberal principles include democracy, tolerance and equality for all citizens. Besides that, liberalism holds many different comprehensive doctrines as reasonable. The position taken is that political liberalism can be feminist, as far as particular political conceptions of justice can have feminist content’’, but also because the core commitments of political liberalism is geared only to secure genuine substantive equality for all, including women’’(p122). Feminism was simply the application of liberal principles to women. Women were seen as having fundamentally the same nature and interests as men and thereby entitled to the same rights. Thorough feminists in the 1970’s strongly opposed the liberal assimilation of womens claims; based on the belief that liberal conception of person did not signify women’s nature.   They insisted that although  Ã‚   the liberal individual was based on impersonal notion and coherence, womens moral life was entrenched in her body and emotions.   Higgins, T.E supports this point by enlightening us on how liberalism has limited has limited the usefulness for promoting feminism. She lays emphasis on this point by stating that liberalism does not really define an agenda that guarantees women’s rights and improvements in women’s condition in society. Higgins basically sees liberalism as holding many of the contradictions that prevents it from being a theory that could stand strongly in favour of feminism. Higgins claims that liberalism holds that there are commitments to equal citizenship in the public as well as in private realms, hence creati ng the corresponding conflict, due to the lack of agreement as to where the boundary is, between public and private. Higgins claims that for a theory to be considered liberal there has to be some agreement as to a robust boundary defining these two. Basically this just means that, for something to be liberal it has to respect the liberty of choice and people must be considered as having equal worth as choosers. Unfortunately, she is of the belief that liberalism disregards boundaries and fails women in the private area. Seeing that womens difference develop into an illiberal nature in contrast to liberal man, the identical issues are raised as those that occur in the cultural case, although as well as     the mere fact that men and women would seem to have to live together in the private realm if the race is to be satisfactorily continued. Women are not treated as a self-reproducing cultural group. Nevertheless, illiberal women could be distinctively represented in the public sphere. This would turn into a compromise between the representatives of conflicting values. One could argue that woman be viewed as a weaker group whose members need an element of preferential treatment in order to attain equality on all grounds, but this view is heavily frowned on, due to the mere fact that it contradicts the idea of liberalism, which is treat everyone equally. Liberalism can also been viewed from the point of view of public reason. Macedo.S criticizes the society, showing many areas in which liberalism has shown shortcomings. He criticizes the fact that many liberal societies condone war through their war like foreign policies. He is also goes further to criticize the way in which the society accepts the unequal treatment of African Americans, the poor as well as the disabled and the way it marginalizes and excludes people. In addition to that, he sees society as mobilizing people to work on their behalf. Other areas of criticism that have been raised include sexual permissiveness, the lack of commitment in marriage and the divorce that has become commonplace, as well as the practice of abortion. As Macedo explains, He believes the society ‘’should be like Jesus’ ‘and not be as focused on materialism, consumerism and self- concern as they are. The materialistic nature, catalysed by the hunger for profit maximizati on, has led to gross exploitation of individuals, increasing the gap between the poor and the rich. This neoliberal effect contradicts the value and practices that liberalism supports. Liberalism seems to be inevitable in the global economy we live in and has significant impact on every economy. The European economy is the one of the most dominant and Pheiffer.C review of resilient liberalism in Europe’s political economy enlightens us on how liberalism appears to have lost its dominance in society with capitalism being the means of moving ahead of progress. But it appears that’s liberalism had to make some changes, and as Pheiffer maintains, liberalism shows that it was resilient and emerged as neo-liberalism, and supported competitive markets, with global free trade, and capital mobility, with a state that is no longer in charge and wanting to help everyone, but rather a state that Is there to provide support the growth of business.   Liberalism that had existed for so many years came under attack but still maintained most of its principles, although it’s constantly moving towards the idea of smaller government intervention. Liberalism has transformed into neo-liberalism and has compromised its principles in light of what it sees as progress. Laying emphasis on minimal government intervention and the increased transformation of liberalism to neo-liberalism, Isaacs, D.M, in his review of liberalism’s response to corporate political spending, talks about how liberalism is ‘’the intellectual movement that emphasizes freedom as the ultimate goal and the individual as the ultimate entity in society, pertaining to a free man’’ This basically means, in a society where there is liberalism, , there is minimal effort to limit and restrain individuals. Isaac’s claims that regardless of the fact that liberalism is about freedom as well as progress, corporate political spending is inconsistent with liberalism because it undermines government’s ability to fulfil its proper role; weakens the checks and balances that the separation of political and economic power places on political authority, and reduces the ability of individuals to counter special interests (Isaacs, p12). Ironically, he enlightens us on a major similarity between liberalism and conservatism, showing how liberalism embraces some of the thinking of conservatism. Both liberals and conservationist believe in substantial economic growth, hence their gross support of neo-liberalism.   Both parties are of belief that neo-liberalism is the sole aim for economic growth, seeing no alternate factor. Due to their rigid views on neo-liberalism they fail to see any cons of this system, regardless of the fact that neo-liberalism is potentially responsible for obliterating various economies. Referring to the initial question, on what liberalism actually is, over the years, it has been able to transform itself. Due to the inevitable adaptation of globalization and its popularity in the world we live in today, the most dominant form of liberalism is neo-liberalism.   Personally, I have a neo-liberal perspective globalization, hence my support of profit maximization. I believe we earn what we work for, and it serves as an incentive to maximize efficiency. On the other hand, profit is not always maximized in a corporate socially responsible way, making exploitation the order of the day in neo-liberal system. Like everything in life, there is always a way to make the best of every situation. Neo-liberalism is undoubtedly inevitable; considering the adoption of globalization therefore we have to adopt ways to incorporate the neo-liberal view into an efficient economic and social system. Neoliberalism comes with some major issues as mentioned all through the essay, some of which are the increase in gap between rich and poor, increase in unemployment rate and after effects from globalization. However, these issues can be solved with one basic solution; the Government should partially take care of the market in the best way it can. To start of, the government should prioritize the welfare system so that less privileged individuals can get enough financial support to live a safe life. If the world is only dependent on laws of neo-liberalism, less privileged individuals find it impossible to earn any chance to   thrive nor enhance their economic conditions, however, they will get the opportunity to broaden their family budgets and go achieve their goals, when the government provides financial back-up to them. Personally, I am of the belief that it’s nation’s duty to support members of the society and inspire them to reveal their potentials for nation and themselves. Afterwards the legislative council should consider providing jobs for people. Some of the nations are aiding unemployed people by offering living expenses and find the jobs for them.   Due to this, there has been a significant reduction in the unemployment rate in those countries.   Finally, it will be helpful if the nation controls how much the country should be globalized. Globalization, due to its profit-making motive, has the potential to promote cultural neglect. Therefore, it’ll be vital for the government to supervise the balance between folk cultures and new cultures that both globalization and neo-liberalism have created.   What is liberalism? I ask again. Some say it is the maximum level of freedom, others say it’s a faà §ade for exploitation. Truth is, it is simply what we make it. Major economist like Milton Friedman has enlightened us on the positive consequences of liberalism; such as economic growth. While others such as Macedo and Hartely, highlight the weaknesses of liberalisms, emphasizing on how it has the potential to brain-wash individuals, due to the placebo effect that liberalism is the ultimate solution to all economic and societal issues; as well as its hidden discrimination against females respectively. After intense evaluation of liberalism, it is safe to say that the viral spread of globalization has made it inevitable, so as mentioned earlier; the best way to fully utilize this system is through the corporation of the government as well as the private sector in the right proportions. CITATIONS Friedman, M.B.(2015). In praise of liberalism: An assessment of liberal political thought from the 17th century to today. Review of contemporary philosophy, 14,11-36. Greener, B.K.(2011). Liberalism and the use of force: Core themes and conceptual tensions. Alternatives: Global, Local, political,36(3) Hartley.C.& Watson(2010). Is a feminist political liberalism possible? Journal of Ethics & Social Philosophy, 5(1), 121-142 Higgins, T.E.(2010). Feminism as liberalism: A tribute to the work of Martha Nussbaum Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, 19(1). Isaacs, D.M.(2014). An unexpected frond: Liberalism’s response to corporate political spending. Suffolk University Law Review, 47(2),1-30 Macedo, S. (2012). Hauerwas, Liberalism, and Public Reasons: Terms of engagement? Law and Contemporary Problems, 75(4) Pheiffer, C.F.(2013). Review of resilient liberalism in Europe’s political economy. The journal of philosophical Economics. 7(1),1-5 diZerega, G.(2011). Spontaneous order and liberalism’s complex relation to democracy. Independent review,16(2)

Dreams :: essays research papers

Dreams "I don't use drugs, my dreams are frightening enough." (Escher) Why do we dream? Are they instructions from the spiritual world or just deep, hidden wishes that can be used to unlock the secrets of the unconscious mind? Nobody knows for sure. One theory that is prevalent today is that dreams result from the physiological "exercise" of the synapses of the brain. There is no proven fact on why we dream, which is why there are so many theories on the topic. There is Freud's theory that dreams carry our hidden desires and Jung’s theory that dreams carry meaning, although not always of desire, and that the dreamer can interpret these dreams. After these theories, others continued such as the Cayce theory in that dreams are our bodies means of building up of the mental, spiritual and physical well being. Finally came the argument between Evans' theory and the Crick and Mitchinson theory. Evans states that dreaming is our bodies way of storing the vast array of in formation gained during the day, whereas Crick and Mitchinson say that this information is being dumped rather than stored. Whichever theory is true, we may never know, but from these following theories we can decide for ourselves what we believe to be true and further help us into understanding our dreams. My own personal theory on why we dream is that the subconscious mind is always working. This results in dreams. The subconscious mind in an attempt to file away all of the information from the previous day results in dreams. A dream in my opinion is nothing more than a chemical reaction in the brain. In laboratory tests, when people were awaked during the RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (REM) stage of sleep and asked to report what was on their mind just before awaking, about 90% reported an experience termed TRUE DREAM. When a true dream is experienced is seems as if it were an actual event rather than one thought or imagined. True dreams often involve a series of such experiences woven together in a somewhat bizarre story. Even those people who claimed to rarely dream or only remember fragments of dreams in the mornings were able to give detailed accounts of a true dream experience when awakened during REM sleep. Those who were awakened during SLOW-WAVE sleep (the deeper, less mentally active s tages of sleep) reported mental activity in only about 60% of cases.

Chaucer :: essays research papers fc

The Medieval Church and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales In discussing Chaucer's collection of stories called The Canterbury Tales, an interesting illustration of the Medieval Christian Church is presented. I think that the Medieval Church was full of corruption, and Chaucer depicts this corruption through The Pardoners Tale. At the same time as the corruption, there can also be an argument for the opposing side stating that the church is not corrupted. This can be shown with the character of the monk from The Monk’s Tale. While people demanded more voice in the affairs of government, the church became more corrupt and this corruption also led to a more crooked society. In history then, there is a two way process where the church has an influence on the rest of society and of course, society influences the church. This is naturally because it is the people from a society who make up the church....and those same people became the personalities that created these tales of a pilgrimage to Canterbury. The Christianization of Anglo-Saxon England was to take place in a relatively short period of time, but this was not because of the success of the Augustinian effort. Indeed, the early years of this mission had a discrepancy which shows in the number of people who hedged their bets by practicing both Christian and Pagan rites at the same time, and in the number of people who directly didn’t want to believe at all when a Christian king died. There is certainly no evidence for a large-scale conversion of the common people to Christianity at this time. Christianity did not initially provide a unifying element but was by the later seventh century to provide the basis of a structure of organization, which overreached the frontiers of the individual, highly competitive English kingdoms(Making 15). Augustine was not the most diplomatic of men, and managed to antagonize many people of power and influence in Britain, who had never been particularly enthusiastic to save the souls of the Anglo-Saxons who had brought such harsh times to their people. In their isolation, the British Church had maintained older ways of celebrated the major festivals of Christianity, and Augustine's effort to force them to conform to modern Roman usage only angered them. When Augustine died (some time between 604 and 609 AD), then, Christianity had only an insecure hold on Anglo-Saxon England, a hold that was limited largely to a few in the aristocracy. Chaucer :: essays research papers fc The Medieval Church and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales In discussing Chaucer's collection of stories called The Canterbury Tales, an interesting illustration of the Medieval Christian Church is presented. I think that the Medieval Church was full of corruption, and Chaucer depicts this corruption through The Pardoners Tale. At the same time as the corruption, there can also be an argument for the opposing side stating that the church is not corrupted. This can be shown with the character of the monk from The Monk’s Tale. While people demanded more voice in the affairs of government, the church became more corrupt and this corruption also led to a more crooked society. In history then, there is a two way process where the church has an influence on the rest of society and of course, society influences the church. This is naturally because it is the people from a society who make up the church....and those same people became the personalities that created these tales of a pilgrimage to Canterbury. The Christianization of Anglo-Saxon England was to take place in a relatively short period of time, but this was not because of the success of the Augustinian effort. Indeed, the early years of this mission had a discrepancy which shows in the number of people who hedged their bets by practicing both Christian and Pagan rites at the same time, and in the number of people who directly didn’t want to believe at all when a Christian king died. There is certainly no evidence for a large-scale conversion of the common people to Christianity at this time. Christianity did not initially provide a unifying element but was by the later seventh century to provide the basis of a structure of organization, which overreached the frontiers of the individual, highly competitive English kingdoms(Making 15). Augustine was not the most diplomatic of men, and managed to antagonize many people of power and influence in Britain, who had never been particularly enthusiastic to save the souls of the Anglo-Saxons who had brought such harsh times to their people. In their isolation, the British Church had maintained older ways of celebrated the major festivals of Christianity, and Augustine's effort to force them to conform to modern Roman usage only angered them. When Augustine died (some time between 604 and 609 AD), then, Christianity had only an insecure hold on Anglo-Saxon England, a hold that was limited largely to a few in the aristocracy.

Marketing and Singapore Airlines Essay

I. Introduction Singapore Airlines (SIA) has been ranked as one of the top leading airlines in the world. Singapore Airlines began with three flights per week, and today their route network’s span is 99 destinations in 39 countries worldwide. Singapore Airlines Limited split from Malaysian Airways in 1972 and is the national airline of Singapore operating on global major routes. As stated in its website, the company is geared towards â€Å"providing air transportation services of the highest quality and to maximizing returns for the benefit of its shareholders and employees.†. It has constantly outperformed compared to many other competitive airlines and reported superior annual returns on profits. As airline is known as a mistake-free industry, Singapore Airlines has been proven its outstanding performance through its excellence services as well as being a pioneer in business strategies. Hundreds of industry awards are received by Singapore Airlines for its service quality. This report will outline in detail the fundamental issues in marketing of Singapore Airlines such as marketplace and customer needs, highlight the significant issues regarding the organization’s competitive environment as well as suggest possible enhancements for the organization. II. Body 1. Customers’ needs, wants, demand, product and market identified for Singapore Airlines. i. Customers’ needs, wants and demand.  Amstrong and Kotler (2011) defined needs as states of felt deprivation. They explained human needs comprise basic physical needs as food, clothing, warmth and safety, as well as social needs for belonging, affection, fun and relaxation. There are also esteem needs for prestige, recognition and fame, and individual needs for knowledge and self-expression.. On the other hand, wants are another sort of human needs that are influenced by culture and individual personality. Western people like Americans or Europeans would want breads for their daily meals, while eastern people from China or Vietnam would prefer rice, though they all have the same need of food. People’s wants expand throughout times. In the previous days, they might just simply want a transporting way to reach a destination. Later days they wanted a fast and safe transport. Today they also want comfort and entertainment while they are transporting. Organizations should be able to see and foresee the undiminishing wants of its customers to develop their products and services. Nevertheless, human wants are boundless, but not resources. What a person wants and what he can afford are two different matters. As described by Amstrong and Kotler, wants that are backed with buying power are called demand. For example, everyone wants to fly with a business or first class, but not all are willing to pay for those exclusive prices, thus some of the demand will go for the economy class instead. Singapore Airlines has identified there is a need of travelling, relaxation and prestige from its customers, as well as wants and demand for the aviation service and facilities. As so, Singapore Airlines offers best services in order to satisfy its customers accordingly . ii. Singapore Airlines’ products and market. Singapore Airlines mostly targets at businessmen and wealthy folds who are willing to pay a premium flight fares for a guarantee high quality service. The product line of Singapore Airlines is divided into three classes of travel: First, Raffles (Business) and Economy. First class accounted for 5% of passengers, Raffles class for 10% and economy class for 85%. The expectations of these particular customers were constantly rising and their  needs and wants keep on changing over years. Other than that, Singapore Airlines also offer many in-flight facilities and entertainment, such as free headsets, choice of meals, satellite-based inflight telephones, inflight meals from the International Culinary Panel, offer audio and video on demand capabilities on KrisWorld in all classes. They also have different luxurious lounges for different class of passengers. 2. Singapore Airlines’ market orientation. i. Market orientation According to Kohli and Jaworski (1990), the marketing concept is a business philosophy, whereas the term market orientation refers to the actual implementation of the marketing concept. Marketing management’s objective is to build profitable relationship with the target customers by designing strategies which following a certain business philosophy that the organization has chosen. There are five of them, including production concept, product concept, selling concept, marketing concept and societal marketing concepts. The newest business philosophy that has commonly been adopted by most of the large organizations nowadays, including Singapore Airlines, is the societal marketing concept. Kotler, et al. (2010:19) state that, â€Å"the societal marketing concept holds that the organization should determine the needs, wants, and interests of target markets and deliver the desired satisfactions more effectively and efficiently than competitors in a way that maintains or improves t he consumer’s and society’s well-being†. In brief, this concept is all about balancing three aspects of an organization’s marketing approach: company’s profitability, customer satisfaction and society’s welfare. Bhasin H. (2010) stated that the marketing concept alone sidesteps the potential conflicts among consumer wants, consumer interests, and long-run societal welfare, yet some firms and industries are criticized for satisfying consumer wants at society’s expense. This has been a reason for the societal marketing concept to be formed, which could be seen as an enlargement of the marketing concept itself. Singapore Airlines’ official website publishes that, â€Å"Singapore Airlines firmly believes that supporting programmes that benefit the communities we serve throughout the world is an essential part of being a good corporate citizen†. Singapore Airlines has been contributing to the  community in arts, sports, community welfare, and education. It supports a wide range of local and overseas community groups and charity organizations. Some of the highlighted are providing air travel for Australian social workers to Dhaka in Bangladesh for a project to prevent hearing loss in textile workers, rebated air tickets to the newly established Singapore Sports School to nurture emerging sporting talents, helping to fly the nation’s flag high in the sporting arena as the Official Airline for the inaugural Youth Olympic Games held in Singapore, etc. By practicing this societal marketing concept, Singapore Airlines has shown their customers that profitability is not their number one and only concern, but also to be a responsible and contributive corporate citizen. By doing so, Singapore Airlines has gained respectable reputation and favor from the customers, and boosted to a notable sales and profits. ii. Product life cycle Singapore Airlines’ product set is in a mature life cycle. The airline has done an outstanding job of differentiating itself through customer service available through any of its commercial aviation products. In this stage of the product life, Singapore Airlines must reinvent itself every few years to remain competitive in the industry and to prolong the stage period not to reach the decline stage. Singapore Airlines is constantly examining other service industries to see how they respond to customer needs and then adjusts its products accordingly. Through this strategy, Singapore Airlines generally leads the industry in innovative customer service products and initiatives. As airline is a service industry, its products are intangible, yet Singapore Airline’s commitment to its service strategy is visible in every aspect of its operations. 3. Major competitive issues facing Singapore Airlines i. Singapore Airlines’ competitive advantages Ever since the separation from Malaysian Airways, Singapore Airlines has no domestic routes to serve, hence the company has been forced to rely on the international flights and compete with other major airlines. There are three core aspects that Singapore Airlines has gained competitive advantages over other players within the industry. These comprise of the excellent service, the continuity innovation, and the technology superiority. Firstly, as  explained by Roll (2004), the airlines have begun its branding strategy on it in-flight service. The company engaged French haute-couture designer Pierre Balmain in 1972 to design a special version of the Malay Sarong Kebaya as the airline stewardess uniform and then is branded as â€Å"Singapore Girls† for providing excellent in-flight hospitality. This later becomes one of the most recognized signatures of the airline, and is one of the critical reasons why Singapore Airlines always ranked at top for the customer satisfaction sur vey about in-flight service observed by various sources such as independent institutions or online social networking sites. The second aspect that supports the Singapore Airlines’ success is their effort to always be innovative – particularly about the in-flight services. Additionally justified by Roll, Singapore Airlines has pioneered many in-flight experiential and entertainment innovations, and strived to be best in class. It was the first to introduce hot meals, free alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, hot towels with a unique and patented scent, personal entertainment systems, and video-on-demand in all cabins. The company keeps driving innovation as an important part of the brand, and the cabin ambience and combined experience are key factors of its success. Lastly, on the technology side, Roll also evaluated that Singapore Airlines still maintains the youngest fleet of aircraft among all major air carriers, and keeps to the stringent policy of replacing older aircrafts for newer, better models. It has always been first in line to take delivery of new aircraft types like Boeing 747 jumbo jets, Boeing 777, and it will become the first airline to fly the Airbus super jumbo A-380 in 2006. Even the aircrafts are sub-branded like 747-Megatop and 777-Jubilee to further distinguish SIA and its brand from competitors. Singapore Airlines also flew Concorde between Singapore and London in the late seventies in collaboration with British Airways (BA). The aircraft was painted with SIA’s colors and logos on one side, and BA’s on the other, and it carried crew from both airlines. ii. Porter’s five forces analysis of Singapore Airlines a) Suppliers power Suppliers’ power is consistently high in airlines industry. This hence will have a great impact in the company’s product and service costs, prices and profitability. However, Singapore Airlines is financially strong and has its own ground service such as baggage handling and in-flight food and beverages supply. Aircraft maintenance and servicing is also carried out by SIA Engineers. Thus the main supply for Singapore Airline is basically the aircraft manufacturers. Since the firm has been known as an airline with youngest aircraft usage, Singapore Airlines has been a significant customers and has bargaining power over the suppliers. b) Buyers power The buyer bargaining power is indeed high for Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines’ targets mostly on businessmen and people who are affordable for premiums flight fares. These types of passengers are not too sensitive to prices, but concentrating more on the flight time that is flexible for them, and also the comfortability of the provided service. However, regardless of which type of passengers, all of them might just switch to other airlines without hesitation if time and service match their demand better. Since customers are willing to pay for their enjoyment and flexibility, Singapore Airlines’ target market has a strong level of buying power. c) Substitutions Singapore Airlines generally has medium to low threat on substitution of its services. As mentioned above, Singapore Airlines’ target passengers are not cost-conscious travelers, they can afford high fares in return for their comfort and time efficiency. Hence with excellence both in ground and in-flight service quality and updated high-tech facilities, Singapore Airlines easily retain customers’ loyalty. Other substitute transport mode would not be a big threat especially for long flights or long distance travel. d) Competitive rivalry The level of rivalry is medium for Singapore Airlines. Although there are not many airlines can compete against SIA, these airlines in the entire industry share the very similar market. Most of the carriers are using differentiated strategy that focus on both booking and in-flight services. SIA with outstanding and uniqueness service offerings has helped the firm to have  lesser pressure on competition. However, Singapore Airlines has to continue on innovation and maintain and improve service quality if they do not wish to lose out. e) New entries Threat of new entrance is consider low in airline industry, since the capital investment for the industry is massive. According to Calingo (1997) it would require a lot of logistic works, highly skilled personal such as pilots, aircraft technicians and specialize managerial personnel which are often limited in resources in the industry. Limited access to airport and route are also another difficulty post to new entrant. 4. Segmenting, targeting and positioning of Singapore Airlines. i. Segmenting According to Kotler et al. (2010:199), marketing segmentation is defined as dividing a market into distinct groups who might require separate products and/or marketing mixes. The objective is to help determine marketing strategies and realistic marketing objectives by understanding customer trends and buyer behaviors. Singapore Airlines segments its market based on geographic, demographics, psychographic and behavioral. For geographic segmentation, Singapore Airlines customers are located globally with varying wants and needs thus the firm attempts to exploit this by providing airline services to major cities or routes. Evidence given is Singapore Airlines operates flights to over 90 destinations in more than 39 countries over 5 continents. Its strong presence is however still the Southeast Asia region. Demographic segment works on the basis of customer factual characteristics such as age, gender, family lifecycle, social-culture, occupation, education and income that can influence purchasing decisions. Singapore Airlines, for example, demographically segment their customers from their choice of the service class. Suite class and First class passengers are dominantly traveling on business purpose and mostly are male between 25 to 45 years old. Passengers in business class are split evenly between traveling for business and leisure. Mostly are male with average age 32. Economy class passengers are a much broader group, traveling mainly for leisure and evenly spread across most socio-economic groups and age ranges. Another approach to  segmentation is psychographic, which is an attempt to capture what is driving the customer’s behavior, such as values, personalities, attitudes, opinion, interest and lifestyle aspirations. For instance, Singapore Airlines provides variations of cabin classes (First, Business and Economy) to meet the product demand of people. Singapore Airlines employs tier membership to provide status preferences to customers. The last segment approach is behavioral which is based on observable issues on consumer behavior when purchasing the products. Characteristics include frequency of consumption, buyer readiness and commitment. The corporate market tends to be a frequent flyer that could gain benefits from Singapore Airline’s Frequent Flyer program, in return for customers’ loyalty to the airlines. Some people are â€Å"brand loyal†, they tend to stick with their preferred or familiar brands even when a competing one is on sale. ii. Targeting Market targeting, explained by Kotler et al. (2010:199), is the process of evaluating each segment’s attractiveness and selecting one or more of the market segments. Singapore Airlines uses differentiated market targeting, which refers to where firm target several segments and develops distinct products/services with separate marketing mix strategies aimed at various group approach, where they target in accordance to consumers’ needs and to their occupation. Singapore Airlines has two target markets. The first aimed at people who mostly have a high income with a high class lifestyle and prefer to seek comfort with excellent services rather than to get a cheaper price but do not get the as good facilities and services. The other target market is customary passengers who mostly just want to travel and not too demanding about the services and the facilities. For this market, Singapore Airlines owns a budget airline as well to compete, which is Tiger Airways, to meet the market needs. iii. Positioning Kotler et al also described market positioning is developing competitive positioning for the product and an appropriate marketing mix. Added by them, a product’s position is the way the product is defined by consumers on important attributes – the place the product occupies in consumers’ minds relative to competing product. In this specific circumstance, is how the  passengers perceive Singapore Airlines’ service compared to other major carriers, such as British Airways or Cathay Pacific. There are many different general strategies for positioning products. Attribute or benefit, quality and price, use or application, competition, high-tech and high-touch can achieve desired positioning. Market positioning is about how Singaspore Airlines wants its customers to perceive their products and services in relation to their competitors. Singapore Airlines positioning strategy is using Singapore Girl as a central ingredient in marketing its image. Personified through the girls, customers will have a sensory and emotional experience when travelling with Singapore Airlines, with its commitment to service and quality excellence. Since the traditional marketing communication has often been focus on cabin design, food, comfort and pricing, this strategy of Singapore Girl has successfully gain a positive market positioning in the customers’ heart. III. Conclusion There are concrete substantiations why Singapore Airlines has grown from a regional airline into one of the world’s top leading carriers. This paper has analyzed some of the vital marketing issues concerning the strategic way that Singapore Airlines operates to reach their upward achievement nowadays. They have always been setting their customers’ needs and wants as the first priority in order to understand and provide excellent quality service to match the growing demand of the passengers. Only with the clear comprehending and effective implementation of the organization’s selected societal marketing concept, precise identification of the competitive concerns as well as the market segmenting, targeting and positioning, Singapore Airlines has been able to successfully differentiate its brand image and endorsed its prestige status to the whole world. IV. Recommendations Performing the SWOT analysis would help Singapore Airlines to identify the key issues for enhancements in its operational strategies. Singapore Airlines needs to keep its superiority and stay on the top of the competition in the international market, by understanding the plans that being pursued by other major players such as British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Virgin Atlantic, etc. Singapore Airlines should continue to  differentiate itself and keep on provide up scaling service quality to the customers. It is recommended for Singapore Airlines to regularly renovate its facilities as well as install new technological features. Improvement and installation of in-flight entertainment system such as latest technology electronics and DVDs, access provision to the CD music and interconnected network games with the passengers inside of the aircraft, ability to send and receive email and internet surfing on selected content, Satellite telephones can be some of the suggestions. Nevertheless, Singapore Airlines should carry on contributing more in its social responsibilities to the community well-being to remain an ethical and trust worthy corporate citizen. V. References and Bibliography Ayob, A.M (n.d.). Singapore Airlines Limited: Building a culture of service excellence. Retrieved August 5th, 2012, from https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:aDhMN-GX8s8J:mahdzan.com/papers/sia/SINGAPORE_AIRLINES.pdf+singapore+airlines+marketing+strategy&hl=en&gl=sg&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjah_jaSacO-NJn77hv6rhqruT9KQnCLqiKJD4opuCV-hAT_rzvAM8eS_FMZqlhy2rmS8CRLxxhV7Jf8_p0XU-2ZaGHuzUF5I4yAOHzIGGbgCYMLq0C7pngKnOuKjFTWRAiMHID&sig=AHIEtbRwCtZUzXuAJ5G-SBBjU3CSURqkBQ Bhasin, H. (2010). Socetal Marketing Concept. Retrieved August 5th, 2012, from http://www.marketing91.com/societal-marketing-concept/ Calingo, L.M.R. (1997). Strategic management in the Asian context. Singapore Airlines: Comparative case studies of the British and Singaporean national airlines. Based on research by Douglas Sikorski. John Wiley & Sons Heracleous, L. & Wirtz, J. (2009) ‘Strategy and organization at Singapore Airlines: Achieving sustainable advantage through dual strategy’: Journal of Air Transport Management. Kotler, P. & Amstrong, G. (2011). Marketing an Introduction. (10th ed). Kotler, P., Bowen, J.T & Makens, J.C. (2010). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. (5th ed). Market Orientation. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved August 4th, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_orientation Roll, M. (2004). Singapore Airlines flying tiger. From Brandchannel. Retrieved August 6th, 2012, from http://www.brandchannel.com/features_profile.asp?pr_id=209 Roll, Martin. Undated. Singapore Airlines – An Excellent Asian Brand. Venture Republic Retrieved August 4th, 2012, from http://www.venturerepublic.com/resources/singapore_airlines_-_an_excellent_asian_brand.asp The critical success of Singapore Airlines. (n.d.). Retrieved August 5th, 2012, from http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/02/the-critical-success-of-singapore-airlines.html#_Toc212902244

Lebron v Kobe

People are always looking forward to basketball season. There are many good players in the league. I think that the two best players are Kobe Bryant and Lebron James. Both players perform excellent on the court. Although the players play well, they are totally different athletes. The attitudes, skills, and passion for the game are expressed in different ways. Although, Lebron James is young in the league of NBA basketball, he has the ability to shutdown most all-star veterans. Lebron’s attitude towards basketball hasn’t changed a bit from his high school career. Even though he is in the pros, his mentality is still teamwork. In a game like basketball you can’t do everything by yourself. Many may think he is a one man team or a ball hog but, his attitude towards the game makes himself stand out. On the other hand, Kobe Bryant has had a few more years of experience than Lebron James. In the beginning of his basketball career his attitude was similar to that of Lebron James’ current one. After a couple of years of playing with the same team and winning a variety of championships, his outlook on the sport began to change. Many in which caused controversy with his fellow former teammate Shaquille O’Neal. Lebron James has very exceptional skills in the level that he plays at. Not only did he get drafted directly out of high school but, he is one of the top players that are recognized when one mentions basketball. James has led his team to consecutive playoff appearances from 2006 through 2009. On offense, Lebron is known for using his size, strength, and quickness to get past offenders. His skills have led to many comparisons to NBA legends like Magic Johnson, Oscar Robertson, and Michael Jordan. Kobe Bryant is considered one of the most complete players in NBA history. Kobe has the ability to create shots for himself and is an effective outside shooter. Aside from this, he is a standout defender, having made the All-Defensive first and second team nine of the last ten seasons. The passion each individual has for the game of basketball is different from one another. Lebron James’ perspective on basketball is it’s â€Å"More Than a Game†. Basketball to him is more like a lifestyle in other words. The teamwork he and his teammates show on the court create a sense of brotherhood. Lebron knows that its not all about him because the game of basketball is a team sport. Kobe Bryant’s passion for the game is different. He started playing the sport at the age of 3 years old. Kobe’s father was in the NBA when he was young and had a big influence on him. On the court, he knows it’s a job to be done and he dominates on a regular basis. There are many similarities between Lebron James and Kobe Bryant. In contrast, there are many differences as well. Each individual has a certain way they present their selves on and off the court. One thing for sure, professional basketball would not be the same without them.

Ryanair Dogfight over Europe

Dogfight over Europe: Ryanair (A) 1) What is your assesment of Ryanair? s launch strategy? The Ryanair's launch strategy was not the best for that moment. They began flying between Ireland and London, in a very saturated market, which competed with two strong companies owned by the government and with great experience: Aer Lingus and British Airways (who also had come together to improve their perform). And also entered the market independent carriers Such as British Midland.Another important factor was that the Dublin-London route was the only one that provided reasonable returns for Aer Lingus, so it was not going to let customers easily take him by force, and Ryanair will be difficult without a really differentiating strategy. Ryanair's differentiate notion was delivering first-rate customer service â€Å"with lower fares†. But for a new company as Ryanair would not be able to compete in prices following the same strategy as other companies in the market focus on meals and amenities and good service.Ryanair also has high fixed costs (characteristic of this industry) and has enough volume in order to face a price war (economics of scale). Although the market was saturated, Ireland is a small country with a small population and the two big companies were operating at 60-70% capacity. If since 1986 was using new Boeing 747s with room for nearly 400, means that every plane carried 360 passengers on average, which was down the performance of the planes.But on the other hand, Ryanair could only get a license for aircraft with room for 44 Passengers, so it had to make eight flights, with the maximum capacity to carry the same number of passengers than BA or Aer Lingus. This could decrease the efficiency of Ryanair and increase the cost per flight management. Although it also because of the low initial demand Ryanair (only 4 flights per day to 44 passengers, 176 passengers) can be a good strategy to distribute the flights throughout the day and get more custo mers.Moreover this market consists mostly by Irish emigrants who resided in the UK. These clients are marked by strong seasonal character, and the most important, the majority of customers traveling in economy class and they are very price sensitive, so we are going to be interested in low prices and discounts and are not interested in great facilities and services. Again we see that Ryanair's idea was not the most appropriate for this market, ecause although Ryanair turn down the price, customers will be more interested in large decreases in the price. Meals also make little sense in a flight of one hour duration. In favor of Ryanair we have to say however, that it test the initial service between Waterford y ? Gatwick Airport, which was a small service, in order to prove the company? s ability to operate. So if the company had problems or losses would be on a large scale and this would give you the ability to identify problems and improvements.Similarly, although Ryanair did not g et expected outcomes, with their low prices, I think it would get take away some customers to the other companies and have started to consider the proposal in the market. To sum up, The Ryanair? s launch strategy wasn? t successful from my point of view because it did not do a good analysis the market to which was coming and did not calculate the chances of success between these two great companies.They were strong companies with experience and great brand recognition, so if prices dropped to the level of Ryanair and Ryanair provides the same service to the market, customers will continue to use the companies that are already used. 2) How do you expect Aer Lingus and British Airways to respond? Why? As I said earlier, the only differentiation of was in the price Ryanair, therefore the immediate reaction of Aer Lingus and British Airways will be reduce the price. If these two companies started a price war, Ryanair would have no chance.They were flag carriers and they had the support of the government, so they can have loses during a while of time, at least until they get Ryanair out of the market. On the other hand, B. A was one of the biggest aircraft of Europe and it has an operating margin of 6. 9%, because of B. A can decreased the price at Ryanair level (? 98). While, the Dublin- London route was the only for Aer Lingus, with reasonable return of capital. Therefore is not going to let easily Ryanair steal their clients. ) How costly is it for Aer Lingus and British Airways to retaliate against Ryanair? s launch? Even though, as we think the launch of Ryanair was not successful or at least the outcomes did not reach the expected ones, was a new competitor in the market and also with a more competitive price than theirs so it is threat their capability to meet demand.. With price-sensitive customers such as travelers between Ireland and UK I believe that the two companies would lose customers. Furthermore, a price war is never good for any company, even if i t will be winner.These two companies would have to reduce their prices to more than half the normal price, which would generate losses until they get Ryanair out and this would weaken the two companies. If these companies reduce so much the price, once they get Ryanair out of the market, they can not automatically raise the price to the previous number because customers would feel cheated and companies would lose their credibility. If Aer Lingus and British Airways didn? t get Ryanair out with the war of Price, they would get only weaken themselves and lose the most profitable route for Aer Lingus.

Into Communication in Health and Social Care

Q 6 : Give four examples of how you can you check a person has understood what you have communicated ? To check by repeating whethet the person has understood. can Be checked the person is following the instruction what has given By responding if the person has understood what has said to him By showing reaction. Q 3 A: You will have to know how to recognise what is being communicated to you and be able to commmunicate with others without always having to use words. Consider reading: How and When to Seek Advice About CommunicationWhen carried out the previous activity you will have found out that there are many factors that told you what your patiant was trying to communicate it is not only the expression on people s faces that tells you about how they fell Q 2: Identify five ways communication can help you in your work and why ? 1: Writing reports -I will write report about individuals so next shift staff can read and affect accordingly. By completing charts and records. I will mention in the care plan if any Changes have made in my shift which will help for all staff.I will communicate with my colleagues and pass all information regarding individuals. By recording and sharing appropriate information. 3 Explain why it is important to observe an individual s reactions (facial expressions,body language etc) when communicating with them ? All communication has an effect on the person you are communicating with it is a two way process called an int eraction, and it is important that you watch the effects so that any problems can be identified and dealt with.Any relationship comes about through communication in order to be effective in providing care and support, you must learn to be a good communicator. Buy communication is much more than talking to people. People communicate through A speaking,facial expression,body language, position,dress,gestures. 4: Indentify twelve barriers to effective communication ? 1: Not listening 2 : Using jargon 3 : Using slang 4 : Physical barrier 5 : Attitudinal barrier 6 : Interpersonal communication 7 : Poor lighting 8 : Inappropriate temperture : Lack of basic communication skills 10 : Lack of knowledge Emotional interference Semantic communication Q 9 : How do you seek advice regarding confidentiality ? You should seek advice on confidentiality when ever you are asked to disclose information (whether in writing or verbally) about an identifiable individual that. Includes information about bo th clients and colleagues. The only time it permissible to breach confidentiality is if you receive information. That an individual is considering actions that may bring harm to themselves or others. 0 : When would you ask for advice about confidentiality ? The only time you seek advice when a child or adult has spoke to you in confidentiality is when that person is in danger for example. If being sexually abused. Physically abused. Threatening to kill them selves etc. If the person in care is not in any danger then what is spoken between carer and caregiver has to remain between them two. Q 8 : Give three examples of when confidential information may need to be passed on ? 1 : To protect the best interests of the individual where they are risk at harm. : To protect an indiviuals health. 3 : To protect the health and safety. Q 7 : What does the term confidentiality mean ? A : It means that whatever information you tell to a service will not be passed on and the person you see won't tell anyone that you've been to see him or her without your permission . It gets more complicated if you want to talk to the service about something that he or she thinks may be harming you or someone else,like you're being hurt by someone or someone is making you do something you don't want to do .If that happens the service will talk to you and try to persuade you to get help. but if you don't agree the service can get help without your permission if he or she thinks it's best for you. This will only happen if the service is concerned about your safety. Q 6 : Give four examples of how you can you check a person has understood what you have communicated ? To check by repeating whethet the person has understood. 2: can Be checked the person is following the instruction what has given. 3: By responding if the person has understood what has said to him. 4: By showing reaction.Q 3 : A: You will have to know how to recognise what is being communicated to you and be able to commmunicate with others without always having to use words. When carried out the previous activity you will have found out that there are many factors that told you what your patiant was trying to communicate it is not only the expression on people s faces that tells you about how they fell. Q 2: Identify five ways communication can help you in your work and why ? 1: Writing reports -I will write report about individuals so next shift staff can read and affect accordingly. 2: By completing charts and records. : I will mention in the care plan if any Changes have made in my shift which will help for all staff. 4: I will communicate with my colleagues and pass all information regarding individuals. 5: By recording and sharing appropriate information. Q 3 : Explain why it is important to observe an individual s reactions (facial expressions,body language etc) when communicating with them ? All communication has an effect on the person you are communicating with it is a two way process called an in teraction, and it is important that you watch the effects so that any problems can be identified and dealt with.Any relationship comes about through communication in order to be effective in providing care and support,you must learn to be a good communicator. Buy communication is much=0D=0Amore than talking to people. People communicate through speaking,facial expression,body language, position,dress,gestures. Q 4: Indentify twelve barriers to effective communication ? 1: Not listening 2 : Using jargon 3 : Using slang 4 : Physical barrier 5 : Attitudinal barrier 6 : Interpersonal communication 7 : Poor lighting 8 : Inappropriate temperture : Lack of basic communication skills 10 : Lack of knowledge 11 : Emotional interference 12 : Semantic communication=0D=0A Q 2: Identify five ways communication can help you in your work and why ? 1: Writing reports -I will write report about individuals so next shift staff can read and affect accordingly. 2: By completing charts and records. 3: I will mention in the care plan if any Changes have made in my shift which will help for all staff. 4: I will communicate with my colleagues and pass all information regarding individuals. : By recording and sharing appropriate information. =0D=0AQ 3 : Explain why it is important to observe an individual s reactions (facial expressions,body language etc) when communicating with them ? All communication has an effect on the person you are communicating with it is a two way process called an interaction, and it is important that you watch the effects so that any problems can be identified and dealt with. Any relationship comes about through communication in order to be effective in providing care and support,you must learn to be a good communicator.Buy communication is much more than talking to people. People communicate through speaking,facial expression,body language, position,dress,gestures. Q 4: Indentify twelve barriers to effective communication ? 1: Not listening 2 : Using jargon 3 : Using slang 4 : Physical barrier 5 : Attitudinal barrier 6 : Interpersonal communication 7 : Poor lighting 8 : Inappropriate temperture 9 : Lack of basic communication skills 10 : Lack of knowledge 11 : Emotional interference 12 : Semantic communication Q 9 : How do you seek advice regarding confidentiality ? #You should seek advice on confidentiality when ever you are asked to disclose information (whether in writing or verbally) about an identifiable individual that. Includes information about both clients and colleagues. The only time it permissible to breach confidentiality is if you receive information. That an individual is considering actions that may bring harm to themselves or others. Q 10 : When would you ask for advice about confidentiality ? The only time you seek advice when a child or adult has spoke to you in confidentiality is when that person is in danger for example. If being sexually abused. Physically abused.Threatening to kill them selves etc. If the person in care is not in any danger then what is spoken between carer and caregiver has to remain between them two. Q 8 : Give three examples of when confidential information may need to be passed on ? 1 : To protect the best interests of the individual where they are risk at harm. 2 : To protect an indiviuals health 3 : To protect the health and safety. Q 7 : What does the term confidentiality mean ? It means that whatever information you tell to a service will not be passed on and the person you see won't tell anyone that you've been to see him or her without your permission .It gets more complicated if you want to talk to the service about something that he or she thinks may be harming you or someone else,like you're being hurt by someone or someone is making you do something you don't want to do . If that happens the service will talk to you and try to persuade you to get help. but if you don't agree the service can get help without your permission if he or she thinks it's best for yo u. This will only happen if the service is concerned about your safety.

Architecture Essays Baroque Architecture Characteristics

Although many things influenced the Baroque period it was besides influenced by faith every bit good as the states political relations. Architects were interested in the infinite of the unfolding existence every bit good as the workings of the head and attempted to portray passions of the psyche through facial looks. Features The characteristics of the Baroque epoch showed long, narrow naves that were replaced by a broader, or on occasion with round signifiers. It displayed dramatic usage of visible radiation that could be either strong light-and-shade contrast ( known aschiaroscuro) effects ; or they used unvarying lighting by agencies of several Windowss. Another characteristic was deluxe usage of decorations ( puttos made of wood ( frequently gilded ) , plaster or stucco, marble or fake coating ) , they used large-scale ceiling frescoes and Baroques external facade is frequently characterized by a dramatic cardinal projection, nevertheless the inside is frequently no more than a shell for picture and sculpture which was seen in the late Baroque period. Baroque features besides include illusive effects like trompe l’oeil and the blending of picture and architecture and in other states such as Bavaria, Czech, Polish, and Ukrainian the Baroque manner contained, pear domes that were are omnipresent. Features The chief features for the Baroque epoch were energy, great sums of tenseness and a sense of motion from the edifices. Its picture, sculpture and architecture evolved from idiosyncrasy and broke off from the regulations of modern-day architecture, they demanded freedom to program, design and adorn their edifices with what they wanted. Columns had twisted shafts which were placed in forepart of pilasters surrounded by valances and covered with curving and broken pediments. They contained â€Å"over the top† and frequently unsuitable inside informations with carven ornament. Insides had gilded sculptures frequently in awkward airss ; the architecture was noted for its curving lines. Many of Baroques add-ons were finished in bronze, marble, gold and Ag. Baroque had a dynamic expression and experience to its design ; it was a utile categorization for insulating the inclinations and merchandises of stylistic alteration. It was seen as broad, superb, theatrical, passionate, animal, enraptured, deluxe, excessive, various and ace. It was an age of enlargement following on an age of find, its enlargement led to still farther find about architectural design and ornament. Section A: Insides S.Maria Della Salute ( 1631-1682 ) The inside of S.Maria Della Salute is a really good illustration of Baroque Architecture and design. It displays the Baroque kernel in a manner but is non wholly over ornamented nor does it incorporate any unsuitable inside informations. Marble is chiefly used in the columns and the base appears to be gilded in bronze. Sculptures are carved from marble and stand high in the unit of ammunition of the dome. An communion table can be seen and one might presume it is besides gilded in bronze. It is an graphics in a manner but it is non â€Å"over the top† in any manner which can be seen from this position point. S.Pietro ( 1656 – 1667 ) The S.Pietro is another great illustration of Baroque architecture and design. In this exposure we can see the bronze communion table that stands merely in forepart of the apsis, we can see pictures that are decorated with gold lodgers, marble columns and high walls, the domes contain gilded ceilings. Walls are decorated with sculptures in free standing places in the walls besides made of marble. Light is given through high standing Windowss and the chief dome from above through a sky visible radiation. Versailles ( 1660 – 1685 ) The Palace of Versailles is the most good known piece of Baroque Architecture and design known to day of the month. It defines what the Baroque period was approximately. It was excessive, animal, dynamic, passionate ( pictures ) , various and deluxe. Decorations were non silver but pure gold. Soft cloths, bright colorss and beautiful sculptures decorated the insides of the Palace. In the Hall of Mirrors as seen in figure 8 sculptures themselves were cast in gold high Windowss offered light and glass pendants hung from a ceiling decorated in picture and gilded gold lodgers. In the Queens Chambers as seen in figure 7 one can state that non even the sleeping rooms were unbroken simple. Gold was besides used and to an extent it was excessively used. The focal point of 1s oculus is led to the gold ornament and non the architectural values of the edifice. The outside as seen in figure 6 one can see that the balcony railings were gilded in gilded ornament as the Sun makes this easy to see. Marble is besides used on the facade of the edifice but it is chiefly decorated in gold. Rich vivacious colorss can be seen throughout the castle as seen in figure 7 of the Queens Chambers. Section B: Interior Design Although the Baroque epoch contributed to the great edifices we see today, one can non bury about the insides. Although extravagantly decorated the insides are really good designed to suit certain facets. Architects need to believe like that in order to obtain a good sense of what works and what does non. I believe interior design does really suggest about it along the lines. We design what we think the client would wish and so acquire an thought if the client likes it of non, if non we merely do a few alterations to acquire a better feel and a better position of what they want. It is the same now as it is so. Interior interior decorators design the infinite in which the client will be in every twenty-four hours. It requires a great trade of penetration and a cognition about a individual, one might see reading your client by speaking to them, when you do that you can acquire better thoughts. Simple designs frequently make better designs in these yearss nevertheless in the past if it was large, broad and contained munificent ornaments it was classified as good. Decision So from looking at the Baroque architecture one can state that it played a great function in the design of edifices today. Many people who obtain an over and above wage sometimes have one or two suites that give recollection to the Baroque manner. It was surely munificent, dynamic and â€Å"over the top† ornaments were decidedly a spot much for today’s modern society. Bibliography Tansey, R.G A ; Kleiner, F.S. 1954. Chapter 24.Gardener’s Art Through The Ages: 10th edition. United States of America: Ted Buchhloz. Pages 816 – 904. Gardener, L. Chapter 10.Gardener’s Art Through The Ages: 4th edition.United States of America: G.Bell and Son Ltd, London. Page 397 onwards. Honour, H A ; Fleming, J. 1982. Separate 3: Chapter 13.A World History of Art.United Kingdom: RB Macmillion. Page 426 onwards. Wikipedia. 2008.Baroque.[ online ] . [ Accessed August 20, 2008 ] . Available from universe broad web: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wikipedia.org gt ; Versailles.[ online ] . [ Accessed August 20, 2008 ] . Available from universe broad web: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bc.edu/bc_org/arp/cas/fnart/arch/versailles.html gt ; History of Baroque Architecture.[ online ] . [ Accessed August 20, 2008 ] . Available from universe broad web: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/org/orion/eng/hst/baroque.html gt ; Baroque Age.[ online ] . [ Accessed August 20, 2008 ] . Available from universe broad web: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //library.thinkquest.org/16545/data/low/baroque.html gt ;